General (lecture) meetings are held in the University of Colorado Museum, Dinosaur Room

Second Thursday of each Month, at 7:00 PM. The public is always welcome.

Apr 1 Executive Board, Sword Microsystems Conference Room, 7:30PM

Apr 8 IPCAS General Meeting, 7 PM. Larry Todd

Topic: Archaic Bison Hunters of Northern Colorado.

May 5 Executive Board, Sword Microsystems Conference Room, 7:30PM

May 13 IPCAS General Meeting, 7 PM. Kevin Black

Topic: Human Burials.

May 8-16 Colorado Archaeology and Historic Preservation Week

Archaeology and Historic Preservation Week is a celebration of our state's heritage. The week highlights special preservation projects,

archaeological talks and prehistoric or historical sites cherished by local residents and visitors. This year's poster will focus on Apishipa

structures of southeastern Colorado. Local organizations, museums,

and agencies are invited to participate in the week's celebration for

1999 that will be held May 8 through 16.

Map of Parking at CU Museum

For further information call Todd McMahon, Staff Archaeologist,

Colorado Historical Society at (303) 866-4607.

We are offering an electronic distribution of the Calumet as an alternative to

printed copies sent through the Postal Service. This is being done to reduce Calumet

printing and postage costs. It will also increase the speed and ease of distribution. The

electronic version will be sent as .txt or .htm attachments to e-mail. If you would like to

receive electronic copies of Calumet issues, please send an e-mail to Tom Cree,

Inside This CALUMET

Calendar of Events 1

Volunteer Opportunities (Club) 2

PIT Projects - Arizona 4

PIT Projects - Kansas 5

PIT Projects - New Mexico 6

PIT Projects - South Dakota 8

PIT Projects - Utah 8

PIT Projects - Wyoming 10

Colorado Project Summary 11

Membership Renewals 11

March BOD Minutes 11

Officers/Board Members 12

Membership Application 12

tlc@lanminds.net

Please state whether you prefer the .txt or .htm format.

PIT Traveler (Catalog)

If you did not receive a PIT Traveler in March and would like one, please call the

PIT Clearinghouse at 1-800-281-9176 or Tom Cree at 303-776-7004. For an internet version of the PIT Traveler (catalog), go to

http://www.swanet.org/pit99.html

to obtain information about each project. Consider the PIT Projects - they are well managed and supervised, always interesting, and you can select the level and type of project that suits your interests.

Volunteer Opportunities

Club Sponsored or Club Assisted

If any member is interested in participating in any of the Club Volunteer Opportunity projects, please contact the Volunteer Coordinator, Tom Cree, at (303) 776-7004 or tlc@lanminds.net for registration and/or additional information. All of the club projects can be handled as "one day" events. A club member may sign up for as many days as they wish (one day to every day in a project). Consider working on all of the club projects - even if you can participate for only one day each. Do not miss out on these special volunteer opportunities.

Rocky Mountain National Park - Bob Brunswig, PI

June 14 through August 6 - Weekdays

Survey, with limited excavation

The project will occur in Rocky Mountain National Park eight weeks this next summer. Work will be performed during the week utilizing weekends only if there is a special project. Volunteers in small numbers will be welcome and there will be a 10-person survey crew from the University of Northern Colorado, including some former students. The crew will be staying at Lieffer Cabin, south of Estes Park - like last year. Volunteers are welcome to camp there and share food and facilities. The crew will assemble each day at the cabin and drive into the park in as few vehicles as possible.

Some of the new work will involve small valleys on the far southeast and far northeast of the Park in addition to Moraine and Horseshoe parks. As a result, smaller survey teams will be spending time in those areas. The plan is to survey a minimum of 2000 acres this year. There will be some testing, but probably in the last couple of weeks and mainly in Beaver Meadows. This year, the project will be testing the use of direct GPS mapping in the field of at least the more complex sites. There will be computers at the RMNP headquarters and in the field (a Pentium notebook) and the project will be experimenting with the use of digital cameras. Next year, the project will be going to the western slope side of the park into largely "virgin" territory with somewhat less visited (and disturbed) sites, but also many more remote sites. The project will get to some really remote, high altitude areas in the next couple of years. Our CAS chapter has provided volunteers to Bob's projects for years. Bob is our Professional Advisor. Our chapter has pledged volunteer assistance to this project.

Mount Albion Site 5BL82 - Byron L. Olson, PI

August 2 through August 6 - Weekdays

Excavation

Site 5BL82 was recorded by Dr. James Benedict on June 27, 1969. The site is located on an outwash terrace on the north side of Middle St. Vrain Creek, about five miles west of Peaceful Valley, on land administered by the US Forest Service. The terrace is part of an open, grassy meadow surrounded by sub-alpine forest and is at an elevation of 9780 feet. Cultural material collected on the surface from 1969 to 1975 includes 20 Mount Albion projectile points and point fragments, biface and scraper fragments, utilized flakes, Lyons Sandstone milling fragments, and debitage including quartzite and argillite lithic types. Most of this material was found along a 4-wheel-drive road that bisects the site and has rutted the site surface to a depth of about 30 cm. There is also a report of a possible stone circle.

The site has the potential of providing a radiocarbon date for the Mount Albion occupation and perhaps of other occupations, as well. Solid dates for the Mount Albion complex are provided by only two sites, 5BL70 and the Hungry Whistler site (5BL67), which indicate an age range between 5800-5350 BP. It is likely that site 5BL82 served a different function than sites 5BL70 and 5BL67. The latter two sites are located above timberline on Albion Ridge and are thought to be specialized hunting camps associated with game drives on the ridge. Site 5BL82 is at a lower altitude and its setting suggests a more generalized campsite.

Two or more shovel probe lines, with probes spaced at 10m intervals, will be used to determine the horizontal extent of the cultural materials. Formal excavations will be initially undertaken adjacent to the 4-wheel-drive road where the Mount Albion points were collected. No excavations in the roadway are currently proposed but excavations adjacent to the roadway should indicate whether or not intact cultural deposits are preserved in the roadbed. The number of units that will be opened in 1999 field season depends on the number of volunteers available and the maximum depth required. If early indications are confirmed by the planned work, more than one field season will be needed to adequately investigate the site.

Our chapter is the excavation sponsor. Dr. Benedict will serve as the project geologist. All volunteers will be from CAS.

This would be only the third Mount Albion site ever excavated. This project has easy access, is in the middle of a jeep road, and provides an excavation opportunity for those who do not wish to hike 7 miles straight uphill with a 50-pound pack (often the norm in getting to sites in high-altitude archaeology).

Willow Bunker Project - Doug Bamforth, PI

June 1 through July 2 - Weekdays

Excavation, with limited survey

The project is located 12 miles north and 7 miles west of Briggsdale, working in the Pawnee National Grassland with the Forest Service. There is funding from the University of Colorado (field school operation) for volunteer participation that will be used to hire two graduate student supervisors, rent a vehicle, cover the costs of some tools and materials, and contribute a bit for food. Focus will be on the site of Willow Bunker, which has a 14C date of 7000 BP, as well as levels that have produced ceramics.

The project will be able to accommodate about 8 club volunteers at any one time, and there is reasonable flexibility about how long people should stay. While the minimum would probably be three days, the maximum is open-ended. Students in the University field school will participate for a couple of days at the beginning and end of the project, so volunteers should expect to work mainly in the middle three weeks of the project. Weekend work is not planned. This is also the focus of three, one-week PIT Projects, supervised by Jeff Overturf, NFS. See the March Calumet, page 6 for PIT Project details.

There will be camping at a Forest Service facility with solar showers, located just outside Briggsdale. Food and cooking arrangements are still being worked out. This project was the focus of a PIT Project in 1998. The PIT Project excavated two hearths, surveyed more than a square mile of Pawnee National Grassland, discovered the bones of a bison (which will be excavated during the 1999 PIT Project), found numerous lithics, and identified a number of areas where hearths are likely to be buried. Our chapter has pledged volunteer support for this project.

Cabin Survey for the National Forest Service

May through October - Saturdays and Sundays

Survey takes place on occasional weekend days during the spring and summer, weather and snow-cover permitting. Record search and report generation is performed on weekdays.

Our chapter has a volunteer agreement with the Arapahoe and Roosevelt National Forest Service to perform Class III cultural resource inventories and evaluation on cabins that have been relinquished back to the NFS. The cabins are located in the mountain areas of Boulder and Gilpin Counties. A report is generated on each cabin. Included in each report are: general area and site descriptions; photographs of the cabin and associated buildings; location map(s); results of a pedestrian survey for historic and prehistoric archaeological evidence; results of information searches in county, state, and federal records; and information searches in numerous libraries. Each report also includes completed forms for state site identification. It is the responsibility of the evaluation team to recommend disposition of the cabin, including whether the cabin should be nominated for inclusion in state or federal historic site registry. It takes one day or less to perform the fieldwork (on the weekend) and another day or two of effort (during the week) to perform the information searches. Each report requires about 30 hours to complete. The NFS, SHPO, team members, and the chapter library are provided with copies of each final report. The cabin survey project began in 1996 and will continue each year, well past the year 2000.

Volunteer Project Summary - Colorado (Club and PIT)

Picketwire Sites Inventory/Documentation June 6 - 11 La Junta Survey, PIT Project

Willow Bunker June 7 - 11, 14 - 18, 21 - 25 Pawnee NG near Briggsdale Excavation, Club Sponsored / PIT Project

Indian Ridge, Grand Mesa June 14 - 18, 21 - 25 Grand Junction Survey, PIT Project

Rocky Mountain National Park June 14 - August 6 Estes Park Survey, Club supported

Pony Park Sites Inventory/Documentation July 11 - 16 Fairplay Survey, PIT Project

Chimney Rock Limited Testing July 12 - 16 Pagosa Springs Excavation, PIT Project

Mount Albion Site 5BL82 August 2 - 6 Peaceful Valley Excavation, Club Sponsored

Pikes Peak Sites Inventory/Documentation August 8 - 13 Woodland Park Survey, PIT Project

Alpine Tunnel Historic District Restoration August 8 - 15 Pitkin Restoration, PIT Project

Land's End Aboriginal Site Excavation August 16 - 25 Grand Junction Excavation, PIT Project

Spanish Peaks Sites Inventory/Document August 22 - 27 La Veta Survey, PIT Project

Teller City Ghost Town Interpretation August 23 - 27 Rand, Gould Restoration / Interpretation, PIT Project

Coffee Divide Site Testing August 30 - September 3 Granby Survey / Excavation, PIT Project

Historic Arrowhead Lodge Rehabilitation September 13 - 17 Rustic Repair, PIT Project

Sand Canyon Survey October 3 - 8 Springfield Survey, PIT Project

Passport In Time (PIT) Projects are offered to the public by the National Forest Service. The projects are free to the volunteers, are very well supervised, and offer opportunities in numerous areas. The volunteers provide their own transportation to the project site, often provide their own camping/lodging arrangements, and often provide their own food.

PIT Projects are great work, always interesting, and a marvelous experience. If you are interested in a PIT Project, please contact the PIT Clearinghouse at 1-800-281-9176 or Tom Cree at 303-776-7004 for a project catalog or an application.

For an internet version of the PIT Traveler (catalog), go to http://www.swanet.org/pit99.html

Arizona

Project: Archaic Economy and Land Use; Nearest town: Winslow, 45 miles; Applications Due: April 15

Dates: June 7-July 9 (weekends excluded): Must commit to 5 days (M-F); may participate for more

Description: "Corn Found in Late Archaic Sites"! It appears people have used corn in Arizona for nearly 5,000 ears, almost twice as long as previously thought. Arizona State University archaeologists found supporting evidence for this last year along Chevelon Creek. This year, you can assist them and FS archaeologists in looking for Middle and Late Archaic houses, datable samples, and more corn during excavations planned for June 7-25. Or, you can spend June 28-July 9 assisting in survey to locate and document the relationship between sites in the Chevelon drainage.

Number of openings: 10 per session;

Minimum age: 18 years old;

Facilities: Free camping including water and showers, in an undeveloped setting; closest developed camp sites and a small store located in the Rim Lakes area, approximately 15 miles south of the project area. Several motels available in Winslow.

Project: Bryant Ranch in the 13th Century; Nearest town: Show Low, 10 miles

Dates: July 26-30: Must commit to full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: Help archaeologists from the FS and the University of Arizona (Silver Creek Archaeological Research Project) excavate a 13th-century pueblo. The Bryant Ranch site consists of 30-40 rooms and is expected to date between 1250 and 1300. However, we're not sure! We will be seeking to confirm these dates. To do so, we need to uncover enough of the site to make a good map, obtain datable samples, and learn more about the people who lived there. This work will contribute to the university's on-going research in the area, and to FS efforts to identify sites eligible for listing in the NRHP.

Number of openings: 20;

Minimum age: 12 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult;

Facilities: Free camping with water and showers available; RV hookups a possibility. Several motels in Show Low. Transportation provided to project area from campground.

Project: Caretaking Kentucky Camp; Nearest towns: Sonoita, 9 miles; Tucson and Sierra Vista, 45 miles

Dates: Ongoing: Must commit to at least 2 weeks; Applications due: open

Description: We are seeking friendly-but-independent caretakers for Kentucky Camp, once headquarters for an early-20th-century hydraulic-mining operation. Four of the five adobe buildings at the site are in initial stages of restoration and interpretation; the caretaker would be responsible for greeting the public and answering questions. Caretakers could also do some restoration and maintenance on the property (adobe patching, light carpentry, maintenance, groundskeeping).

Number of openings: A single person or couple needed at a time; several volunteers will be needed to fill out the schedule. Selection will consider both qualifications and length of stay proposed (longer being better); Special skills: Interest in history and willingness to communicate with the public required; independence and self-reliance also necessary; general handyperson or carpentry skills useful;

Minimum age: 21 years old;

Facilities: Caretakers will have use of a small travel trailer or a larger mobile home; both have electricity, water, heat, cooling, and small kitchen and bathroom.

Project: Sycamore Rim Archaeological Survey; Nearest town: Williams, ~20 miles

Dates: September 13-17: Must commit to 5 days; Applications due: June 15

Description: The Kaibab NF invites you to participate in an archaeological survey on the southwest edge of the Colorado Plateau. This unknown archaeological area, a part of the western Mogollon Rim, is surrounded by numerous heritage resource sites including ballcourts, hilltop "forts", cliff dwellings, and extensive artifact scatters, dating from the Archaic (4,000 years ago) through historic times. Temperatures can vary greatly along the rim. One day we may bask in 90E heat, while the next may not get out of the 50s. Evenings will be chilly with overnight lows normally in the 40s. We will spend part of one day visiting important and prominent archaeological sites; Number of openings: 7; Special skills: Must be in top physical condition and able to hike and carry food, water, and gear over rugged terrain; survey and recording experience desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Car camping in the forest near JD Dam, adjacent to the survey area

Project: Historic Overland Road Relocation Project; Nearest town: Chino Valley, 30 miles

Dates: September 20-25: Must commit to full session; Applications due: June 15

Description: Early Spanish explorers had named central Arizona "terra incognita" or "unknown land". Prior to 1850, only a few non-Natives had ventured into this region because of the ruggedness of the land and conflicts with Native populations. Then in 1863, gold was discovered south of the present town of Prescott. To provide a northern route to the goldfields, the military established a road from Flagstaff to Del Rio Springs and, later, to Prescott. On February 24, 1863, Congress passed the Organic Act, which declared Arizona a separate territory. This led to the establishment of the first territorial capital, at Fort Whipple, by Del Rio Springs. The first governor's party used the Overland Road, as did numerous military troops, miners, and homesteaders for over 20 years. At present, very little of the road has been documented. PIT volunteers will assist archaeologists in identifying the road and marking its location on the ground. This process will involve hiking all day, searching for evidence of the road, and clearing vegetation. Volunteers may also assist with inventorying historical-period and prehistoric sites that are identified along the route; Number of openings: 6; Special skills: Ability to hike all day and build rock cairns; historical-period and prehistoric artifact identification experience desirable; Minimum age: 14 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Primitive camping with portable toilets; volunteers must provide own transportation to camp, equipment, food, and water; full range of services in Chino Valley

Project: Box Ruin Area Documentation, Phase II; Nearest town: Payson, ~10 miles

Dates: October 4-8: Must commit to 5 days; Applications due: August 15

Description: This is our second season of fieldwork in the Gisela Valley, located about 10 miles south of Payson, Arizona. Documentation of the historic White Sands Apache Settlement, found to be far more extensive following our first season's work, will continue. Volunteers will also assist FS archaeologists in relocating and documenting sites first recorded but never mapped by the Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation during the late 1920s. Survey to locate previously unknown sites will also be conducted in the mountainous terrain overlooking the valley to better understand the area's settlement system through time; Number of openings: 8; Special skills: Should be physically fit and able to hike over moderate to rough terrain; basic archaeological mapping skills desirable; Minimum age: 12 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult

Facilities: Full services and numerous motels and stores in Payson; developed FS campground located at the north end of town, suitable for trailers and "car campers"; other camping opportunities around the project area

Kansas

Project: Site Documentation and Excavation on the North Fork of the Cimarron River: Nearest Town: Elkhart, 20 miles

Dates: June 20-25: Must commit to full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: The tree-lined Cimarron River of southwestern Kansas contains an important record of historical-period and prehistoric human habitation and resource exploitation on the Western High Plains. This year, work will focus on test excavations and intensive survey of a suite of prehistoric sites along the North Fork of the Cimarron River. Volunteers will excavate test units, record their observations, and create accurate site maps. Tasks will also include artifact identification, basic lithic analysis, photography, and cataloging. Volunteers will participate in a 1-day training and orientation session at the beginning of the project. Come help us learn more about the past in this unique High Plains setting! Number of openings: 12; Special skills: Must be in good health and able to work in variable weather conditions; excavation or survey experience desirable; Minimum age: 16 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Primitive camping with pit toilet and shower stall provided; volunteers must bring their own solar shower, food, water, and camping gear. It may be possible to bring small campers into the project area.

New Mexico

Project: Comanche Canyon Damage Assessments Project; Nearest towns: Ojo Caliente, 10; El Rito, 20

Dates: October 4-8: Must commit to full session; Applications due: August 15

Description: Prehistoric features have been exposed in Forest Road 97 on the El Rito and Tres Piedras Ranger Districts of the Carson NF. The focus of the project will be a damage assessment documenting these sites. The work will include mapping the sites, excavating what remains of features in the road, collecting samples, and documenting undisturbed portions of the features exposed in the road cuts. If time permits, we will also locate and map early-20th-century narrow-gauge logging railroad grades in a different area of the district using GPS equipment. Number of openings: 6

Special skills: Experience with topographic mapping (plane table and alidade), excavation, survey, photography, drawing, and GPS desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Lodging may be available at the community college dormitories in El Rito or at a campground or motels located within 15 miles of El Rito.

Project: Path of the Pastores: Documenting the Lives of Northern New Mexico's Sheepherders

Nearest towns: Project in Canjilon; Cebolla, 3 miles; Chama, 25 miles; Abequiu, 30 miles

Dates: September 27-October 1: Must commit to full session; Applications due: June 15

Discription: Join Carson NF archaeologists for a week of inventory, illustration, and photography as we document unique aspen carvings in the mountains of Canjilon, New Mexico. These inscriptions, the work of pastores, or sheepherders, were a unique form of communication for the men who spent their lives in the mountains tending their sheep. These carvings, the last evidence of a traditional Hispanic lifestyle, are disappearing as the aspens age and die. Help capture the spirit of the mountains on paper and film; Number of openings: 6; Special skills: Experience with drafting, sketching, photography, and GPS desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: No-fee camping in forest and at the FS complex; possible FS housing. Snacks and gas near FS office; groceries in Chama

Project: Pot Creek Cultural Site Adobe Reconstruction and Preservation; Nearest town: Taos, 6 miles

Dates: June 1-5 (Saturday included): Must commit to 5 days; Applications due: April 15

Desciption: The Pot Creek Cultural Site is an archaeological area consisting of many small prehistoric Anasazi pueblos. The site, located six miles south of Taos, New Mexico, was opened to the public in 1993 with a reconstructed ceremonial chamber or kiva and a 1-mile, barrier-free interpretive trail. The highlight of the interpretive trail is the 13th-century adobe pueblo that is being reconstructed using volunteer labor. This year's project will focus on the reconstruction of the unfinished rooms and maintenance of already completed rooms. This hands-on experience offers visitors a unique glimpse of Anasazi life by learning how they built their homes. In addition, the Taos Valley offers many day trips to areas of cultural and historical interest; Number of openings: 20; Special skills: Must be physically fit and able to work under strenuous conditions; Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Motels and developed campgrounds within 5 miles; undeveloped campground within 1 mile

Project: Preservation Maintenance of the Wingate Sheep Lab; Nearest town: Gallup, 15 miles

Dates: August 30-September 3: Must commit to full session; Applications due: June 15

Description: Contribute to preserving the wonderful masonry buildings of the old "Sheep Lab", an unusual piece of the history of the American Indians' involvement with the federal government in west-central New Mexico. This is a place brimming with history, from the Anasazi to the Indian Wars to the Great Depression years and beyond. Originally a dairy farm for the nearby 1860s military Fort Wingate, the area became the site of the Southwestern Range and Sheep Breeding Laboratory, unique in its goal of improving the standard of livestock for a very select group of people, the Navajo and Zuni Indians. Between the 1930s and the 1960s, the Sheep Lab undertook to breed sheep that could withstand the semiarid conditions of the reservations and at the same time produce good mutton and wool suitable for hand weaving. The complex of buildings is in great need of attention after 60 years of use. Volunteers will do historic preservation maintenance such as replacing deteriorated vigas and door lintels, correcting drainage and roof problems, and repointing cracked masonry walls. PIT volunteers will also have the opportunity to tour local prehistoric and historical-period sites, such as early Navajo farmsteads and the rock quarries used for the 1930s buildings; Number of openings: 6; Special skills: Should be in good health; basic carpentry or masonry skills desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Limited dormitory-style government housing available at site; self-contained RVs may park on-site; tent and RV camping 7-9 miles away, RV dump station 12 miles away, hotels and restaurants 15 miles away, convenience store/restaurant 2.5 miles from the project area

Project: Apache Archaeology Survey in the Guadalupe Mountains; Nearest Town: Carlsbad, 45 miles

Dates: October 10-16: Must commit to full session; Applications Due: August 15

Description: Recent PIT investigations in the Guadalupe Mountains of southeastern New Mexico have revealed Eastern Apache (Mescalero and Lipan) sites. The Apache sites and battle sites are located on the Lincoln NF and are part of an ongoing Apache War period project. Volunteers will help conduct a metal detector survey for Apache ranchería/battle sites in the Guadalupe Mountains. Instruction on the use of metal detectors, identification of Apache artifacts, and predictive modeling to locate Apache sites will be the focus of the survey. Volunteers will assist in recording, mapping, photographing, and artifact illustration, and will learn how to use GPS units. Visits to other archaeological sites in the area are planned. This is truly a one-of-a-kind project and very rewarding; Number of openings: 6; Special skills: Must be in good physical condition and able to traverse rough, steep terrain; experience using topographic maps, compass, and metal detectors desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Primitive camping with no facilities; volunteers responsible for own food and camping and personal gear. FS will provide a few metal detectors and transportation between Carlsbad, base camps, and survey area.

Project: Anton Chico Hacienda Site Documentation and Stabilization Assessment; Nearest town: Las Vegas, 25 miles

Dates: October 3-8: Must commit to full session; shorter stays negotiable; Applications due: August 15

Description: At the very southeast corner of the Santa Fe NF on the Pecos River sits an intriguing site known locally as "the Hacienda". The site consists of an L-shaped, 10?12-room, dry-laid and mud-mortared, shaped sandstone and limestone block structure. It has standing walls, visible doorways, and associated ranching and farming features and is encompassed by nearly 1/2mile of stone walls. The site lies within the Mexican Era Anton Chico Land Grant (established in 1822) and offers the potential for volunteers to understand what life on this picturesque canyon portion of the Pecos River was like in the late 19th-early 20th centuries. Little is currently understood about the history of this site, and one of the objectives of the project is to determine why the site is located where it is, who lived there, and what they did.

Although stoutly constructed of sandstone and limestone blocks, the site is deteriorating. The other objective of the project will be to determine long-term stabilization needs. The stabilization assessment will entail collection of information regarding the physical layout of the site, construction techniques employed, the sequence of construction, and the distribution of features and artifacts. Activities will consist of baseline documentation of the condition of the structure, test excavations of areas in and around the structure, sampling of the extensive artifact scatter associated with the site, detailed mapping of the site, photographic documentation of the structures, and emergency stabilization measures, as necessary.

Number of openings: 8; Special skills: Familiarity with archaeological techniques, mapping, and photography desirable

Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Primitive campground with water and toilet provided; camping will follow "leave-no-trace" principles; 4-wheel-drive/high-clearance vehicles recommended for access to project area; volunteers responsible for own gear and food. Las Vegas and Pecos are the closest communities with developed facilities.

Project: Garcia/Guaje Canyon Ecosystem Management Area Ruins Stabilization Assessment

Nearest town: Española, 20 miles (~1 hour)

Dates: June 21-26: Must commit to full session; shorter stays negotiable; Applications due: April 15

Description: This will be the fifth season of work in Garcia Canyon. The Pajarito Plateau, with its picturesque canyons, is the home to many large, late ancestral Puebloan communities. Development of the area since WWII has led to increased impact on significant heritage resources including cliff dwellings and pueblos. This project will continue to measure the effects of this impact on significant heritage resources in the vicinity of Guaje and Garcia Canyons. Activities will consist of baseline documentation of the condition of sites, with an eye to detailing existing impacts and assessing stabilization needs. Anyone with an interest in ancestral puebloan (precontact) history is encouraged to apply.

Number of openings: 8; Special skills: Must be in excellent physical condition and able to work in the heat; familiarity with archaeological survey techniques, mapping, and photography desirable; Minimum age: 18 years old

Facilities: Primitive FS campground in Garcia Canyon with water (and possibly firewood) provided; camping will follow "leave-no-trace" principles; volunteers responsible for own gear and food

South Dakota

Project: North Cave Hills Rock Art Survey; Nearest town: Buffalo, ~20 miles; Bowman, 40 miles

Dates: June 27-July 2: Must commit to full session; shorter stays negotiable; Applications due: April 15

Description: Carved into the sheer sandstone cliffs of the North Cave Hills are numerous prehistoric and historical-period petroglyphs. This rock art, found in sheltered cliffs and in the numerous rockshelters that give the area its name, is characterized by distinct styles from the Late Prehistoric period of the Northern Plains and may represent carvings by ancestral Crow, Cheyenne, Hidatsa, and Lakota peoples. Inventoried during the early 1980s, the remarkable variety, density, and state of preservation of the Cave Hills Rock Art make them collectively one of the most significant and unique prehistoric resources on the northern Great Plains. Volunteers will join FS archaeologists in monitoring the sites and using GPS technology to precisely map their locations. Survey along the butte tops and canyons will also be conducted to discover more rock art panels and other related sites. This survey will offer an opportunity to discover new and important archaeological sites and help document and preserve these fragile resources; Number of openings: 10;

Special skills: Photography skills and artistic ability desirable; Minimum age: 12 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Primitive campground; motels available in Buffalo, South Dakota, and Bowman, North Dakota

Utah

Project: Chepeta Lake Excavation; Nearest Town: Roosevelt, 45 miles

Dates: August 9-13: Must commit to full session; Applications due: June 15

Description: For years the crystal clear lakes, breathtaking views, and cool summer air of the High Uintas of northeastern Utah have beckoned PIT volunteers. In 1995 and 1996, volunteers recorded, more than 80 prehistoric sites inthe Chepeta Lake area. This year, crews will return to some of these sites to conduct test excavations hoping to determine what activities occurred and which resources were processed at these high-elevation sites; Number of openings: 10; Special skills: Must be able to work at high elevations; Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult

Facilities: Primitive camp site near dirt road, no facilities

Project: Uinta Canyon Survey; Nearest town: Roosevelt, 45 miles

Dates: July 26-30: Must commit to full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: Ute Indian informants have described an old trail that left the Uinta Basin in northeastern Utah and wound up through breathtaking Uinta Canyon. The trail crossed the High Uinta Mountains near Utah's highest peak and continued north to Fort Bridger in Wyoming. PIT volunteers will help Ute elders and FS archaeologists identify and record sites that were near the summit of this trail. To reach deep within the High Uintas Wilderness, crews will backpack about 10 miles to the headwaters of the Uinta River; Number of openings: 10; Special skills: Must have backpacking experience, be able to hike/camp at elevations above 10,000 feet; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Wilderness camp site, no facilities

Project: Love and Mining: Building an Interpretive Site at Brigham and Pansy Darger's Silver King Mine

Nearest town: Marysvale, 15 miles; Dates: July 12-16, 19-23: Must commit to 1 full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: The year is 1897, and a young couple by the name of Brigham and Pansy Darger have just been married in the Manti Latter-day Saints temple. Unlike most young couples, they will begin their marriage at a gold mine high in the rugged Tushar Mountains of central Utah. For three years, the couple manage this mine, named the Silver King, which sometimes employed 10 men and ran 3 shifts. The vestiges of this old mine now lie just off of the Paiute ATV Trail. PIT volunteers and FS specialists will be laying a graveled tread and intermittent stairs on a 1/4-mile loop trail, complete with interpretive stops for the public, that will access the main cabin, a collapsed building site, mine portals and dumps, and the "honeymoon" cabin on the site's south end. You should count on a blister or two and sore muscles; Number of openings: 5 per session; Special skills: Must have a "strong back"; interpretive and carpentry skills desirable; Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Primitive FS camp with latrines, solar showers, and water; one or two trailers may be available

Project: Abajo Mountains Cliff Dwellings; Nearest town: Blanding, 10-20 miles

Dates: July 12-17: Must commit to full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: In this session we will focus on monitoring and documenting the condition of southwestern cliff dwellings and other sites in the Abajo Mountains in Utah's Four Corners region. Participants will assist in conducting formal monitoring at a variety of the forest's most fascinating sites. Education in Anasazi site and feature identification and documentation will be included. Volunteers interested in joining the forest's site steward program may use this session for initial training requirements; others are also most welcome;

Number of openings: 10;

Special skills: Must be physically fit and able to hike over rough terrain; photography and mapping experience desirable; Minimum age: 15 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult;

Facilities: Rustic camping

Project: Cottonwood Rock Cabin Restoration, Phase II; Nearest towns: Monticello, 45 miles; Moab, 60 miles

Dates: August 29-September 5: Must commit to full session; Applicatiions due: June 15

Description: Help continue work on the 1911 stone cabin located in remote canyon country of southeastern Utah. Last year, the walls were stabilized, chimney rebuilt, and roof logs replaced; this year, we will put on the surface mortar coat and install the new roof, doors, and windows. There will be plenty of jobs for everyone. Enjoy the nearby traditional cattle ranch and Anasazi ruins in the spectacular red rock setting; Number of openings: 10;

Special skills: Must be physically fit and able to hike and stand for long periods; good ladder skills and construction experience desirable;

Minimum age: 15 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult;

Facilities: Rustic camping; FS will provide transportation/camping equipment; access roads not suitable for most RVs.

Project: Vernon Creek Survey; Nearest town: Vernon, 7 miles

Dates: September 14-18: Must commit to 2 days; Applications due: June 15

Description: People have been attracted to the beautiful desert landscape of the Sheeprock Mountains and Vernon Creek for 8,000 years. Native American campsites and late-1800s Mormon homesteads dot the area. Yet our understanding of what made life successful, and difficult, for all these people remains sketchy. This project will expand our knowledge by finding and recording sites in archaeologically rich areas in the valley along Vernon Creek and in lesser-known canyons in the adjacent Sheeprock Mountains. Our work will add significantly to the archaeologist's understanding of desert living in this part of Utah, and it will introduce you to a little-known but historically rich part of the state;

Number of openings: 10;

Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult;

Facilities: Rustic camping with portable toilets and water; self-sufficient trailers also welcome

Project: Alpine Survey in the Wasatch Range;

Nearest towns: Ogden, Salt Lake City, and Provo, each within 10 miles, depending on work site location along trail

Dates: July 13-17; August 31-September 4: Must commit to 3 days; Applications due: April 15

Description: The scenic Wasatch Range, which bisects northern Utah, is a spectacular collection of landscapes, extending from rugged canyons to high alpine lakes and peaks that exceed 11,000 feet in elevation. The range borders on valleys that saw significant settlement and use throughout prehistory. However, very little is known about how these prehistoric peoples may have used adjacent alpine resources. PIT volunteers will assist FS archaeologists in identifying and recording archaeological sites in a number of areas along the Wasatch Range. Most areas are accessible only by hiking trails and include areas overlooking the beautiful Cache Valley, Ogden, and Salt Lake City, as well as areas near Big and Little Cottonwood Canyons and the Mt. Timpanogos Wilderness Area. To access these areas, crews will backpack into survey areas and camp for 1-3 nights; Number of openings: 10; Special skills: Must have backpacking experience and be comfortable at high elevations; Minimum age: 18 years old; Facilities: Primitive camping with no facilities

Project: North Slope Tie Hack Survey; Nearest Town: Evanston, 30 miles

Dates: August 2-6: Must commit to 2 days; Applications due: June 15

Description: The landscape of the north slope of the Uinta Mountains was significantly changed by the work of hundreds of men cutting railroad ties in its lodgepole pine forests between 1867 and 1930. The rugged and beautiful landscape challenged, and ultimately changed, these men, too. This project will explore the relationship between men and their landscape by looking at the variety of techniques they used to beat the isolation and hard labor of tie hacking. We will locate cabins, ditches, splash dams, roads, and other constructed features and photograph, draw, and map them. By looking at the full range of tie-hacking features in the area, we hope to come to a better understanding of how tie hacking was organized, the ways in which men worked together to endure the long winters of hard work, and the lingering environmental consequences of tie hacking. Come and experience some of the adventure of a tie hacker's life; Number of openings: 10;

Special skills: Photography and drawing skills desirable; Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult;

Facilities: Trailer hookups and camping at guard station; toilets, water, and showers provided

Wyoming

Project: Shirley Basin Rim Survey; Nearest town: Douglas, 32 miles

Dates: July 25-30: Must commit to full session; Applications due: April 15

Description: Few have explored the western fringe of the Laramie Mountains where they meet the high Laramie Plain. Recent surveys in the mountains have shown a startling density of prehistoric archaeological sites from the past 9,500+ years. We will be exploring these lands at the edge of the basin, with a close eye to learning about the stone-tool technologies employed by the ancient inhabitants of the area. We hope to recover evidence of a mountain tool tradition that included blade flakes and cores as well as microblades. This unexpected landscape between the mountains and the plains is marvelous ground for describing the archaeology of this island in the plains; Number of openings: 9; Special skills: Must be able to walk over uneven terrain; Minimum age: 18 years old; under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: Group will be staying at an FS guard station; camping available

Project: Stone Circles, Phase II; Nearest town: Wright, 17 miles

Dates: September 26-October 1: Must commit to full session; Applications due: June 15.

Description: The Powder River Basin contains a diverse and harsh landscape that contains evidence for at least 11,000 years of human history. Last summer we set out to record some known stone circles on Thunder Basin National Grassland. We didn't know that one site would turn out to be a gigantic district with over 120 stone features! As a result we have several remaining known sites to visit and record. Part of our effort may include investigating area arroyos looking for traces of bison kills and other archaeological sites. Number of openings: 6; Special skills: Must be able to walk over uneven terrain; Minimum age: Under 18 with a responsible adult; Facilities: FS guard station; camping available

Ilgynly-Depe Excavation

Suggested by Michael Landem

I am glad to present to you a new web-site devoted to the excavation of the eneolithic monument, Ilgynly-Depe in Turkmenistan (former USSR). The URL address is: http://www.wplus.net/pp/kasparov/ilgynly.htm

The excavation has been made since 1986 by the Institute of History of Material Culture (from St. Petersburg, Russia). During this time the set of samples of prehistoric art - both ceramics and instruments - was revealed on this settlement.

The site includes zooarchaeological information.

Ilgynly-Depe is well known to archaeologists who deal with early agricultural civilizations. Finds and the architecture of this settlement were described in many articles. Now the some texts of the papers in English, describing materials from Ilgynly -Depe are accessible for reading on this site. Participation of volunteers in our expedition is possible and is welcomed too. I hope this site will be interesting for you.

I would like you to add this address to your database of archaeological excavation at the territory of the former USSR or Asia if it is possible. If it is impossible, please let me know about it. My E-mail is "alexkas@mail.wplus.net". I would willingly answer your questions. When we receive new data the site will be updated. Thank you.

Sincerely yours,

Alexey Kasparov

St-Petersburg, Russia.

Have you noticed that there have been strings of drawings like this in the last twelve issues of the Calumet? Did you pay any particular attention? All of the strings were made up of names of members of the club. The strings often contain both first and last names and other times - only the last name. The drawings come from a True-Type font called Mini Red-Rocks. The drawings are a one-for-one replacement for letters. The first letter of strings and each name is the "cap" form, the other letters are usually in lower case. The string above is the word, "Calumet". The three lines below are for your assistance. The three lines contain a description of some of the symbols that are equivalent to letters. Take a look through this Calumet and prior issues - see if you can figure out whose names are there. Maybe, you can find your own name.

Membership Renewals

The following members have renewals due in April:

Connie Duras, Michael Landem, Colleen and Calvin Schilling

The following members have renewals due in May:

Maureen Arthur, Dewey and Janice Baars, Pamela and Quentin Baker, Leni Clubb, Carol and Pete

Gleichman, Ann Hayes, Paul Lundy, Jack Melton, Richard Owens, Martha Patterson

Amazon.com

IPCAS has been approved as an amazon.com associate. What does that mean? We can receive 5% - 15% of all book sales that are initiated from amazon.com links on our IPCAS website. We can make money for our club three ways:

1. Visit the IPCAS site (www.coloradoarchaeology.org/ipcas), purchase a book from the featured book list, CD list, or video list, and IPCAS receives 15% of the sale. We have compiled a list of books on Colorado archaeology, general archaeology, Native American titles, anthropology, paleontology and more for your selection.

2. Jump directly to the Amazon.com site from the IPCAS site, order a book, and IPCAS receives 5% of the sale.

3. Use the Search button to look up an Amazon book, CD or video, order it, and IPCAS receives 5% of the sale.

Restrictions

1. You have to go through the IPCAS web site in order for the club to receive money off the sale.

2. You can not use the one click ordering tool on the Amazon.com site. If you do, we lose the revenue for the sale.

This is an easy way to raise money for our chapter. Please talk up this feature and START USING THE IPCAS SITE TO ORDER BOOKS, VIDEOS, AND CDs.

Chapter Library

Our chapter has a library of archaeology books and periodicals. If you wish to check out any of the items in the library, please contact Mac Avery at (303) 499-3455, e-mail at averycompany@sprintmail.com If you would like to know what is held in the library, ask Mac for a copy of the "card catalog". Items in the library are available to all club members.

This newsletter is published monthly (except June and August) by the Indian Peaks Chapter, Colorado Archaeological Society. The views expressed in articles or editorials appearing in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the membership or the Executive Board of the Indian Peaks Chapter, Colorado Archaeological Society.

1999 Officers and Board Members

President Unfilled

Vice-President Jim Morrell (303) 652-2874 jmorrell@gateway.net

Treasurer Dick Owens (303) 650-4784 yankee_clipper@email.msn.com

Secretary Cheryl Damon (303) 678-8076 cherdam@compuserve.com

CAS Representative Cindy Miller (303) 415-9564 cindy@sni.net

Professional Advisor Dr. Robert Brunswig (970) 351-2138 rhbruns@bentley.univnorthco.edu

Project Information Piper Prillaman (303) 988-0814 dyggum@aol.com

PAAC Coordinator Morey/Janet Stinson (303) 530-7727 mstinson@cris.com

Internet Manager Doak Heyser (303) 678-5728 doak@indra.com

Calumet Editor Tom Cree (303) 776-7004 tlc@lanminds.net

Membership Director Mac Avery (303) 499-3455 averycompany@sprintmail.com

Board Member Michael Braitberg (303) 443-7190 mbrait@ix.netcom.com

Board Member Leni Clubb (760) 358-7835 leniwaa@inreach.com

Board Member Pete Gleichman (303) 494-5267 gleichman1@aol.com

Board Member Kristine Holien (970) 586-8982 kris_holien@nps.gov

Board Member Ken Larson (303) 469-2228 kglarson@ix.netcom.com

Board Member Leigh Minturn (303) 440-4342 lminturn@clipr.colorado.edu

Board Member Hilary Reynolds-Burton (303) 530-1229 hilary@landbridge.com

Board Member Donna Shay (303) 443-3273

Board Member Russell Smith (303) 776-5503 rdsmith@lanminds.net

Please check the club web-site at: http//www.coloradoarchaeology.org

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION - INDIAN PEAKS CHAPTER

____ Individual $25 / Year ____ New __________ Date

____ Family $28 / Year ____ Renewal

NAME ___________________________ TELEPHONE (____)__________

ADDRESS ________________________ E-MAIL ____________________

CITY _____________________________ STATE ______ ZIP___________

Please make check payable to: Indian Peaks Chapter, CAS

Mail to: PO Box 18301

Boulder, CO 80308-1301

When you join or renew you will receive the Calumet, our monthly newsletter, and

Southwestern Lore, the quarterly publication of the Colorado Archaeological Society.

And you will have opened the door to Colorado Archaeology.

CALUMET

Newsletter of the Indian Peaks Chapter

of the Colorado Archaeological Society

P.O. Box 18301

Boulder, CO 80308-1301